The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the key ligaments in your knee, connecting the femur (thigh bone) to the tibia (shin bone). It helps stabilize the knee by preventing the tibia from sliding too far forward and limiting internal rotation.

Common Causes of ACL Injuries

ACL tears often occur during high-impact or sports-related activities. The most common causes include:

  • Twisting the knee while the foot is planted
  • Sudden stops or changes in direction
  • Direct blows to the knee
  • Hyperextension of the knee joint
  • At the time of injury, many people report hearing a “pop” or feeling the knee give out. Swelling and instability typically follow.

Diagnosing an ACL Tear

A proper diagnosis involves:

  • A physical examination to assess joint stability
  • Imaging tests like MRI to confirm the extent of the damage

Treatment Options for ACL Injuries

Treatment depends on the severity of the tear and your activity level.

  • Non-Surgical Options:
    R.I.C.E. (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation)
  • Physical therapy to restore mobility and strength

Surgical Options:

For more severe or complete tears, ACL reconstruction or repair may be recommended, especially for athletes or active individuals.

Grades of ACL Injuries

  • Grade 1 (Mild): Microscopic tearing, minimal instability. You can usually continue activity with caution.
  • Grade 2 (Moderate): Partial tear, with noticeable knee weakness or instability.
  • Grade 3 (Severe): Complete rupture, resulting in a highly unstable and painful knee.

Phases of ACL Rehabilitation

A structured rehab program is essential for full recovery, whether or not surgery is involved.

Phase 1 (Weeks 0–2):

  • Control swelling and pain
  • Regain knee flexion (90–120°) and full extension

Phase 2 (Weeks 2–4):

  • Continue range of motion work
  • Restore normal walking and begin light stretching

Phase 3 (Weeks 4–6):

  • Introduce light strengthening and endurance for surrounding muscles

Phase 4 (Weeks 6–12):

  • Build muscle strength and increase endurance

Phase 5 (Month 4 Post-Op):

  • Begin agility and plyometric training

Phase 6 (Month 5+ Post-Op):

  • Advance agility and sport-specific movements
  • Return to full athletic activity

Ready to Recover Stronger Than Ever?

If you’re dealing with an ACL injury—or think you might be—don’t wait. At Innovative Physical Therapy, our expert clinicians specialize in ACL rehabilitation. With decades of combined experience, we’ve helped hundreds of athletes and active individuals get back to doing what they love—safely and confidently.

✅ Evidence-based care
✅ Personalized treatment plans
✅ Proven results in ACL recovery

Call us today at (904) 280-2002 to schedule your evaluation and start your recovery journey with the best in the business.